7. Punishment impacts learning at school in several ways. First, positive punishment is used through consequences like detention. Detention is given when a student misbehaves. This is intended to stop misbehaving from occurring in order to avoid receiving the detention. Suspension and expulsion are used in the same way. Negative punishment is used when privileges are taken away. For example, if a student is failing a class, there privilege to participate in extracurricular is taken away. The purpose of this is to force student to get and keep their grades up in order to retain their extracurricular privileges.
8. Grades do fall into this unit. They come into play because they are a kind of positive reinforcement. When a student works hard and studies, they receive good grades as a reward. Conversely, when a student fails to do the required amount of work, they receive poor grades. Both kinds of grades can affect learning and behavior. Good grades makes students work to keep them that way, and poor grades make students want to work harder to turn them into good grades.
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